What forms of medication are typically given through rectal routes?

The administration of medication via the rectal route typically involves the use of suppositories and enemas. Suppositories are solid forms of medication designed to melt at body temperature and deliver the active ingredients directly to the rectal mucosa, where they can be absorbed into the bloodstream. This method is particularly useful for patients who are unable to take medications orally due to vomiting, being unconscious, or having swallowing difficulties.

Enemas, on the other hand, involve introducing liquid medication into the rectum. This can be beneficial for delivering medication locally to treat conditions such as constipation or for systemic absorption. The rectal route is valued for its ability to bypass first-pass metabolism in the liver, allowing for more effective delivery of certain medications.

Meanwhile, pills and tablets, injections and infusions, and liquid syrups are not typically administered rectally. Pills and tablets are predominantly meant for oral consumption. Injections and infusions involve direct delivery into the bloodstream or into muscle tissue, and liquid syrups are designed for oral intake, making these forms unsuitable for rectal administration. Thus, the choice of suppositories and enemas as the correct answer reflects their established use in medical practice for rectal medication delivery.